Sustainable development requires a holistic approach involving social, economic, and environmental factors. The interaction between education and government is crucial, providing necessary knowledge and structures for sustainable practices and informed decision-making. This paper explored the relationship and challenges between governance and education, highlighting the importance of inclusive governance in prioritizing environmental literacy, social equity, and economic resilience in Bangladesh. This study focused on the mixed method approach. Primary and secondary data were collected for the study. Qualitative method was conducted In-depth interview and Key Informants Interview. Also quantitative method was utilized by survey method using kobo toolbox. Selected public universities are used as sample using purposive sampling. The study highlighted the academic and institutional challenges, political and environmental factors that hinders the proper application of governance in higher education. Besides, accountability and transparency mechanisms and practices were identified in the study. The analysis emphasized the significance of international cooperation, interdisciplinary curricula, and participatory governance in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. The recommendations can be used by concerned authorities for improving the circumstances.