Gender equality is now universally recognized phenomenon in which women are speaking about gaining equal control over their lives, and participating in making the decisions that affect them in home and community, in government and international development policies. Over the last few decades Bangladesh has achieved commendable success in gender equality and women’s participation issues. Women’s mobility and visibility in public domain, both in the rural and urban areas have significantly improved. The constitution of Bangladesh has ensured equal rights in all spheres of life. Successive governments have therefore taken measures to promote gender equality in a progressive manner over time. Bangladesh is a signatory to many international conventions and agreements for women’s equal rights and empowerment. The main objective of the present study is to make an overview of the policy framework on gender equality and women’s participation in different levels of governance in Bangladesh. An attempt has been made in the study to assess the state of implementation of such policies along with various international agreements and their application in practice. The study also tries to find out all types of limitations and constraints faced in implementing such policies for gender equality and women participation in governance. At the same time, the study also attempts to provide some recommendations to overcome these limitations.